802.11a / b / g / n / ac Iterambere no gutandukana

802.11a / b / g / n / ac Iterambere no Gutandukana
Kuva Wi Fi isohoka bwa mbere kubakoresha mu 1997, igipimo cya Wi Fi cyagiye gihinduka, mubisanzwe byongera umuvuduko no kwagura ubwishingizi.Nkuko imirimo yongewe kumurongo wambere wa IEEE 802.11, bavuguruwe binyuze mubyahinduwe (802.11b, 802.11g, nibindi)

802.11b 2.4GHz
802.11b ikoresha inshuro ebyiri za GHz zingana na 802.11 yumwimerere.Ifasha umuvuduko ntarengwa wa 11 Mbps hamwe nintera igera kuri metero 150.802.11b ibice bihendutse, ariko iki gipimo gifite umuvuduko mwinshi kandi wihuta mubipimo 802.11 byose.Kandi kubera 802.11b ikorera kuri 2.4 GHz, ibikoresho byo murugo cyangwa indi miyoboro ya 2.4 GHz Wi Fi irashobora gutera intambamyi.

802.11a 5GHz OFDM
Verisiyo ivuguruye "a" yuru rwego rusohoka icyarimwe hamwe na 802.11b.Itangiza tekinoroji igoye yitwa OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) yo kubyara ibimenyetso bidafite umugozi.802.11a itanga inyungu zirenga 802.11b: ikorera mumurongo muto wa 5 GHz ya bande bityo ikaba idashobora kwivanga.Kandi umurongo wawo uri hejuru cyane ya 802.11b, hamwe na theoretical ntarengwa ya 54 Mbps.
Ntushobora kuba warahuye nibikoresho byinshi 802.11a cyangwa router.Ni ukubera ko ibikoresho 802.11b bihendutse kandi bigenda byamamara ku isoko ryabaguzi.802.11a ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byubucuruzi.

802.11g 2.4GHz OFDM
Igipimo cya 802.11g gikoresha tekinoroji ya OFDM kimwe na 802.11a.Kimwe na 802.11a, ishyigikira igipimo ntarengwa cya 54 Mbps.Ariko, nka 802.11b, ikora mumashanyarazi ya 2.4 GHz (bityo ikaba ihura nibibazo byo kwivanga nka 802.11b).802.11g isubira inyuma ihuza ibikoresho 802.11b: ibikoresho 802.11b birashobora guhuza 802.11g aho bigera (ariko kuri umuvuduko wa 802.11b).
Hamwe na 802.11g, abaguzi bateye intambwe igaragara mumuvuduko wa Wi Fi no gukwirakwiza.Hagati aho, ugereranije n'ibisekuruza byabanjirije ibicuruzwa, abakoresha umugozi utagira umurongo ugenda urushaho kuba mwiza, hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi kandi zikwirakwizwa neza.

802.11n (Wi Fi 4) 2.4 / 5GHz MIMO
Hamwe na 802.11n isanzwe, Wi Fi yihuse kandi yizewe.Ifasha igipimo ntarengwa cyo kohereza cya 300 Mbps (kugeza kuri 450 Mbps mugihe ukoresheje antene eshatu).802.11n ikoresha MIMO (Igicuruzwa Cyinshi Cyinjiza Igisohoka Cyinshi), aho imiyoboro myinshi / iyakira ikorera icyarimwe kumurongo umwe cyangwa impande zombi.Ibi birashobora kongera amakuru cyane bidasabye umurongo mwinshi cyangwa imbaraga zo kohereza.802.11n irashobora gukora muri bande ya 2.4 GHz na 5 GHz.

802.11ac (Wi Fi 5) 5GHz MU-MIMO
802.11ac izamura Wi Fi, hamwe n'umuvuduko uri hagati ya 433 Mbps na gigabits nyinshi kumasegonda.Kugirango ugere kuriyi mikorere, 802.11ac ikora gusa mumurongo wa 5 GHz yumurongo, ushyigikira imigezi igera kuri umunani (ugereranije ninzira enye za 802.11n), ikubye kabiri ubugari bwumuyoboro kugeza kuri 80 MHz, kandi ikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryitwa beamforming.Hamwe no kumurika, antenne irashobora kohereza ibimenyetso bya radio, kuburyo byerekeza kubikoresho byihariye.

Iyindi terambere ryingenzi rya 802.11ac ni Umukoresha wa Multi (MU-MIMO).Nubwo MIMO iyobora imigezi myinshi kumukiriya umwe, MU-MIMO irashobora icyarimwe kuyobora icyerekezo gitandukanya abakiriya benshi.Nubwo MU-MIMO itongera umuvuduko wumukiriya uwo ari we wese, irashobora kunoza amakuru rusange yinjira mumurongo wose.
Nkuko mubibona, imikorere ya Wi Fi ikomeje kugenda itera imbere, hamwe n'umuvuduko ushobora kuba hamwe nibikorwa byegera umuvuduko

802.11ax Wi Fi 6
Muri 2018, WiFi Alliance yafashe ingamba zo koroshya amazina ya WiFi byoroshye kumenya no kubyumva.Bazahindura 802.11ax isanzwe igana kuri WiFi6

Wi Fi 6, 6 irihe?
Ibipimo byinshi byerekana imikorere ya Wi Fi harimo intera yoherejwe, igipimo cyo kohereza, ubushobozi bwurusobe, nubuzima bwa bateri.Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga hamwe nibihe, ibyo abantu basabwa kugirango umuvuduko n'umuvuduko bigenda byiyongera.
Hano hari urukurikirane rwibibazo mumihuza gakondo ya Wi Fi, nkumubyigano wurusobe, ubwishingizi buto, hamwe no guhora duhindura SSIDs.
Ariko Wi Fi 6 izazana impinduka nshya: itezimbere gukoresha ingufu nubushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza ibikoresho, ishyigikira abakoresha benshi kwihuta kwihuta, kandi irashobora kwerekana imikorere myiza mubihe bikoreshwa cyane, mugihe izana intera ndende yohereza hamwe nigipimo cyinshi cyo kohereza.
Muri rusange, ugereranije nabayibanjirije, ibyiza bya Wi Fi 6 ni "dual high and dual low":
Umuvuduko mwinshi: Bitewe no gutangiza ikoranabuhanga nka uplink MU-MIMO, modulisiyo 1024QAM, na 8 * 8MIMO, umuvuduko ntarengwa wa Wi Fi 6 urashobora kugera kuri 9.6Gbps, bivugwa ko umeze nkumuvuduko wubwonko.
Kwinjira cyane: Iterambere ryingenzi rya Wi Fi 6 nukugabanya umuvuduko no kwemerera ibikoresho byinshi guhuza umuyoboro.Kugeza ubu, Wi Fi 5 irashobora kuvugana nibikoresho bine icyarimwe, mugihe Wi Fi 6 izemerera itumanaho hamwe nibikoresho bigera icyarimwe.Wi Fi 6 ikoresha kandi OFDMA (Orthogonal frequency-igabana inshuro nyinshi) hamwe na tekinoroji yerekana ibimenyetso byinshi biva muri 5G kugirango bitezimbere imikorere ya Spectral hamwe nubushobozi bwurusobe.
Ubukererwe buke: Ukoresheje ikoranabuhanga nka OFDMA na SpatialReuse, Wi Fi 6 ifasha abakoresha benshi kohereza mugihe kimwe muri buri gihe, bikuraho ibikenewe gutonda umurongo no gutegereza, kugabanya amarushanwa, kunoza imikorere, no kugabanya ubukererwe.Kuva kuri 30m kuri Wi Fi 5 kugeza kuri 20m, ugereranije impuzandengo yagabanutseho 33%.
Gukoresha ingufu nke: TWT, ubundi buhanga bushya muri Wi Fi 6, butuma AP iganira itumanaho na terefone, bikagabanya igihe gisabwa kugirango ikomeze itumanaho no gushakisha ibimenyetso.Ibi bivuze kugabanya gukoresha bateri no kuzamura ubuzima bwa bateri, bigatuma kugabanuka kwa 30% kumashanyarazi.

Kuva 2012 |Tanga mudasobwa yihariye yinganda kubakiriya bisi!